Human Memory Essay

The human memory is that piece of our cerebrums that has the ability to get, store, and recover data. It is included not one but rather three sorts: tactile, present moment, and long haul. By and large, the procedure includes accepting data or upgrade from the earth. The improvement is then gotten by the tactile memory. At that point the data, which is changed over into electrical motivations, is gone through the transient memory, lastly, the drawn out memory through the neurons. Tangible An upgrades that is detected or gotten by one of the five sense organs are gotten by the tactile memory, which goes about as a defensive obstruction. There are various kinds of tactile memory, one for each sense organ. For the visual upgrades that are enrolled by the eyes, the tactile memory is called notable. Improvements that goes through the ears are gotten by the echoic memory. Furthermore, the haptic memory is for upgrades that are felt or contacted. A boost arrives at the tactile memory between 200 and 500 milliseconds after it was seen. A case of tactile memory is the capacity to recollect what something looks like regardless of whether you had the option to see it for just a couple of moments. In light of exploration, tangible memory can hold around 12 things in a brief timeframe. Break in the smooth hand-off of tangible data can be brought about by issues in the neurons . On the off chance that there are a few neurons that don't associate or there are lopsided characteristics, at that point data stream will stop or will be deferred. Present moment Data that arrives at the tactile memory are moved to the transient memory. This kind of memory permits maintenance of data for as long as 60 seconds. While it can recollect data far longer than the tangible memory, the transient memory can just hold up to five things. To expand the quantity of things that the transient memory can recollect, examines indicated that gathering or piecing the things into three have been discovered helpful. Momentary memory will debase if an individual encounters ceaseless agony or beverages continually. It tends to be improved through vigorous activities on account of the expanded oxygen in the cerebrum. Long haul After data has gone through the momentary memory, it is then moved to the drawn out memory for capacity and for recovery later on. In opposition to the two past recollections, the drawn out memory can hold data inconclusively, once in a while for a lifetime. Data gets instilled in the memory through redundancy or practice. For example, the letters in order has been continually rehashed to little youngsters with the end goal for them to recall each letter. Subsequently, information on them will stay scratched in memory until the end of time. Long haul memory debases through specific diseases. It tends to be improved through consistent scholarly incitement and practice. Long haul memory bunches data into realities and abilities. Realities is additionally ordered into two: the wordy and semantic. As their names proposes, wordy alludes to occasions that are put away in the memory. All the others are put away in the semantic memory. Aptitudes, then again, is about scholarly data that should be reviewed to play out specific activities. The procedures associated with the drawn out memory are maintenance, recovery and erasure. Maintenance is accomplished when there is practice. Erasure happens when there is obstruction. Recovery can happen through review and now and then, through acknowledgment. At the point when the data is recollected from memory, it is called review. On the off chance that there are promptings and signs to recollect a data, it is called acknowledgment. Obstruction Obstruction is characterized as the powerlessness to review a data in light of the fact that specific things or occasions meddle with the procedure. Proactive impedance happens when past learnings will make it hard to recall new ones. Then again, retroactive obstruction happens when new learnings make it troublesome or difficult to review past data. While examining, data gets confused in the student’s mind on the grounds that there are beyond any reasonable amount to review. To improve assimilation and review, it is critical to practice the data over some stretch of time. This should be possible by perusing the day’s exercises and retaining the striking focuses before resting. On the off chance that the understudy will make this a propensity, he won’t need to pack everything in his mind a couple of days before the test. By continually practicing, the maintenance and recovery will turn out to be simple. Different Factors That Could Affect Memory Age is one factor that could cause an individual to overlook a data or make it hard to recover it from its stockpiling. Like some other piece of the body, the mind additionally debases in the event that it isn't continually being used. Wounds, injuries, medications, and infections could likewise influence memory stockpiling and recovery. For instance, a tumor in the mind can interfere with the progression of electrical motivations, coming about to memory misfortune. Or on the other hand an injury brought about unintentionally could result to tangible memory misfortune in one piece of the body. To improve and keep up a decent memory, it is consistently essential to continue practicing the brain just as the body. At the point when the brain is rarely utilized, it degenerates. Perusing, learning and participating in scholarly talks would keep the psyche dynamic. References Gailbuck. (2007). Digging Into the Autistic Brain †Part 1. HubPages. Recovered August 14, 2008, from http://hubpages.com/center point/chemical imbalance tangible handling Human Memory. Recovered August 14, 2008, from http://www-static.cc.gatech.edu/classes/cs6751_97_winter/Topics/human-top/memory.html Mohs, R. Step by step instructions to Improve Your Memory. HowStuffWorks. Recovered August 15, 2008, from

MGM624-0901A-01 Applied Accounting for Decision-Making - Phase 1 Essay - 1

MGM624-0901A-01 Applied Accounting for Decision-Making - Phase 1 Discussion Board 2 - Essay Example Notwithstanding, a precarious increment in the costs will adversy affect the business volume. Subsequently an expansion of 5% in the business cost will take the equal the initial investment volume back to [500,000/(315 †115)] 2,500 units. It is apparent that JTI has put vigorously in the underlying assembling of the new gear line. Steps must be taken to expand profitability of the whole assembling process, by lessening wastage and expanding the adequacy of the work. The adequacy of the assets can be achieved by presenting motivations dependent on execution. Grants can likewise be introduced to the best workers consistently and this will go about as a propelling variable for the representatives to build the efficiency (Samuels et al, 2000). Expecting that propositions plans lessen the variable expenses to $110, at that point the equal the initial investment volume becomes [500,000 †(315 †110)] 2,440 units. There is a danger of losing deals volume, when the cost is expanded. The expansion in cost is productive as long as the business volume stays at 3,600 units. It is basic to consider the quantity of clients JTI stands to lose by expanding the costs (Baker et al, 2008). There are various dangers associated with acquainting motivations dependent on execution with increment the exhibition. The administration needs to set up benchmarks to measure execution. In the event that the objectives set are difficult to achieve, the plan will de-propel the representatives and can negatively affect efficiency. Likewise, on the off chance that the objectives are easy to accomplish, at that point the organization stands to lose more regarding motivating force payouts to the representatives (Latham, 2004). Thus over the top consideration must be taken to set the benchmarks against which the exhibition of the workers will be estimated. From the above contentions, unmistakably JTI needs to expand costs and furthermore increment the profitability so as to keep up

How to Use Essay Topics For Social Media for Better Results

How to Use Essay Topics For Social Media for Better ResultsIf you're a social media marketing newbie, or are someone who wants to be, but isn't quite sure where to start, then look no further than essay topics for social media. Writing a good introductory essay for the masses is a very important element of having the best social media marketing campaign.A number of people have been saying that it's hard to write articles for newbies, as they are not familiar with the basics of writing. The truth is that any seasoned writer would love the chance to write a social media essay, as they can use this as an opportunity to get their foot in the door. Essays for newbies are a great way to develop your craft, and hopefully you will soon be able to submit them to some of the top article directories in the world.So how do you go about submitting an essay to a new article submission site? Well, the first thing you need to do is to decide on a topic that is worthy of being published on your compa ny's website. As an example, if you want to target specific demographics and share stories from them, you can just choose a topic like, 'What it's like living in Oakley, California', or 'ongoing Bankruptcy in the United States of America'.Once you've decided upon your topic, your next step is to choose your essay topics for social media that will best address your audience. Whether you choose a popular niche topic, that are trending or newsworthy, you'll need to make sure you keep your audience in mind. Make sure your essay topics for social media are pertinent to your audience, and remember that you need to be able to make them feel heard and understood.Now it's time to look at different essay topics for social media that will meet all of your needs. This means it's important to select and consider your audience's interests and needs, as well as find a topic that you know will appeal to them. Remember, if your audience is heavily comprised of bloggers, you'll want to include a blog post at the end of your essay.Finally, you need to check out essay topics for social media sites that are well-established. These types of sites are worth their weight in gold, as they will allow you to write essays that are grammatically correct, with their pictures, video, and formatting methods known. This is especially useful for writers who are struggling with grammar and spelling, but want to increase their reading skills.As a final tip, you should also try to start a relationship with the site that you'll be submitting to, before sending them your essay topics for social media. You don't want to submit anything that you don't like, as it could mean your essay gets rejected without you even knowing it!Essay topics for social media are certainly essential for anyone who wants to succeed with their social media marketing campaign. In order to become the best, you must understand how you want to stand out from the rest, and therefore, by utilizing essay topics for social media, you'll be in a much better position to do this.

Architectural Salvage What You Need To Know

Salvage — goods or property that is saved or rescued from certain destruction — isnt anything new. Really, architectural salvage worth anything is usually old. People throw away the darnedest things: stained glass and glass mirrors; cast iron steam radiators; solid wood porch columns; pedestal sinks with original porcelain fixtures; ornate Victorian moldings. Its worth spending time rooting through dumpsters at demolition sites and haunting garage sales and estate auctions. But for hard-to-find building parts, the best place to shop is an architectural salvage center. From the French word salver meaning to save, the first property worth saving was probably merchandise carried on ships — goods either taken by force or by trade. As the commercial shipping industry became more prolific, laws and insurance policies came to govern outcomes of the occassional shipwreck or pirate ship encounter. Architectural salvage rights are generally governed by property and contract law and insurance company agreements. In the United States, unless stipulated by contract or historic designation, personal property is generally handled locally and personally. An architectural salvage center is a warehouse that buys and sells building parts salvaged from demolished or remodeled structures. You might find a marble fireplace mantel rescued from a law library or a chandelier from the reading room. Salvage centers might have filigreed door knobs, kitchen cabinets, bathroom fixtures, ceramic tile, old bricks, door moldings, solid oak doors, and antique radiators like the ones shown here. In many cases, these items cost less than their modern-day equivalents; in most every case, the product quality is unmatched by todays materials. Of course, there are drawbacks to using salvaged materials. It might take considerable time and money to restore that antique mantel. And it comes with no guarantees and no assembly instructions. Still, you also get the joy of knowing you are preserving a small piece of architectural history — and you know that the refurbished mantle is not like anything being manufactured today. Where can you find the architectural salvage you need? Types of Architectural Salvagers Architectectural salvage is a business. Some salvage warehouses resemble junk yards with broken windows and rust-stained sinks piled in untidy heaps. Others are more like museums with artful displays of architectural treasures. Dealers will often contract with property owners to buy salvage rights to houses slated for demolition. Products offered by salvagers range from small hinges, keyholes, doorknobs, and cabinet pulls to very large surfaces like bowling alley or basketball court flooring, barn siding and beams, or wainscoting. Services might include finding antique lighting fixtures, tubs, sinks, faucets, moldings, and brackets to finding entire houses where you bring your own tools and help take apart buildings scheduled for demolition. Popularity of items varies from architectural parts from pubs where wrought iron and cast iron fencing might be available, to churches, where you might get a deal on columns. Reclaimed lumber has become its own business. Should You Bargain? Should You Sell? Sometimes its best to bargain, but not always. If the salvage center is operated by an historical society or charitable organization, you may want to pay the asking price. However, warehouses run by demolition contractors often have overstocks of lavatory sinks and other common items. Go ahead and make an offer! Consider your own personal property — there may be cash in your trash. If you must get rid of interesting architectural details such as stair banisters or useful items such as kitchen cabinets, a salvager may be interested. In most cases, youll have to remove the items yourself and haul them to the warehouse. Call ahead to be sure there is a need for your materials. In some cases, the salvager will come to your home and remove building parts that you donate or offer to sell at a bargain price. Or, if you are doing a major demolition, some contractors will discount the cost of their labor in return for salvage rights. Dismantling History The business of architectural salvage can be emotional. Many a homeowner has purchased a colonial New England piece of history only to later find that the corner cabinets had been chopped from the dining room. One of the most egregious cases of legal pillaging is the much-reported interior stripping of the Bunshaft home. In 1963, Pritzker Laureate Gordon Bunshaft built a modern home on Long Island that he and his wife eventually willed to the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA). Long story short, in 1995 Martha Stewart bought what was known as Travertine House, she removed all of the travertine stone flooring and relocated it to one of her other houses before she got into some legal trouble, Stewart gave the house to her daughter, and in 2005 textile mogul Donald Maharam bought the deteriorating, abandoned shell of an unrenovated home — which he claimed was beyond repair. Maharam had Bunshafts only residential design torn down. On the other hand, some people are highly sensitive to what author, contractor, and salvager Scott Austin Sidler calls dismantling history. As he helped take apart four early 20th century cottages in Orlando, Florida — homes the city offered for free to anyone who would remove them — he felt awful about dismantling history, while at the same time he says it felt good to be saving as much as I could. As owner of Austin Historical in Orlando, he writes, The purpose is not just to make money, which is always nice, but to help you find products I know will really help you take care of your historic home. Seek out the lover of old houses. You can be better than Martha Stewart. Sources Sidler, Scott Austin. Dismantling History: A Reflection on Salvage. National Trust for Historic Preservation, April 26, 2013, https://savingplaces.org/stories/dismantling-history-a-reflection-on-salvageSidler, Scott. Save the Historic Homes on Lake Eola. The Craftsman Blog, August 21, 2012, https://thecraftsmanblog.com/save-the-historic-homes-on-lake-eola/; About the Craftsman Blog, https://thecraftsmanblog.com/about/ SUMMARY: How to Find Used Building Parts Remember that every generation and different regional locality often has its own vocabularies. Think of all of the words that may be used to describe these used home products — including junk. Antique dealers often find and/or market rescued items. Reclamation yards will have a variety of reclaimed materials from homes and office buildings. Begin your search for used building parts and architectural antiquities by following these steps: Do business over the Internet. Search online directories for Architectural Salvage. Results will reveal local dealers, but dont neglect national organizations like Recyclers Exchange, Craigslist, and eBay. The worlds largest online marketplace has everything, including architectural parts. Try typing several key words in the search box on the eBay home page. View photographs and inquire about shipping costs. Also, take advantage of social media and Web sites that offer message boards and discussion forums for buying, selling, and trading.Check the local telephone or Chamber of Commerce directories for Building Materials — Used , or Salvage and Surplus. Also look up Demolition Contractors. Call a few and ask where they take their salvaged building materialsContact your local historic preservation society. They may know of salvagers who specialize in antique building parts. In fact, some historical societies operate nonprofit salvage warehouses and other services for old-hous e restoration.Contact your local Habitat for Humanity. In some cities, the charitable organization operates a ReStore that sells salvaged building parts and other home improvement items donated by businesses and individuals.Visit demolition sites. Check those dumpsters!Keep an eye on garage sales, estate sales, and auctions.Know when garbage night is in your and neighboring communities. Some people dont know what theyve got until its gone.Beware of strippers. Reputable architectural salvagers support the cause of historic preservation by rescuing valuable artifacts that would otherwise be demolished. However, irresponsible dealers will strip a viable building, selling historic items individually to make a fast profit. Its always best to purchase salvage from a source recommended by the local historical society. When in doubt, ask where the item originated, and why it was removed. Keep in mind, most salvage centers dont always operate 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Always call before making he trip! Happy hunting!

Economics Airline Industry - 2595 Words

Part 1 The Characteristics Of The Airline Industry Preface Introduction The Primary Characteristics Competition Within The Airline Industry The Secondary Characteristics – The Tertiary and Quaternary Characteristics – Part 2 PESTEL Of The Airline Industry Conclusion References PART 1 The Characteristics Of The Airline Industry Preface Economics or Managing In The Global Environment, a subject everyone needs to be familiar with and most believe or think that they are, but at the end of the day, very few are competent and understand it’s deep meaning, intricacies and implications. These implications and meanings are for the Government, the people, the economy as well as for the observer ( a person observing the economy or industry in a†¦show more content†¦All airlines offer products and services of similar nature 4. Airlines enjoy substantial as well as major economies of scale 5. There is growth through merger 6. Airlines are mutually dependant on one an other 7. Price rigidity and non – price competition 8. Price Transparency and collusion Having said that, it is now amply clear that airlines, whether full service carriers or low cost, short haul or long haul operate in an oligopoly. Competition Within The Airline Industry A key characteristic of an oligopoly is limited competition, collusion and interdependence within firms. In recent times, we have seen sworn public enemies colluding privately. British Airways and Virgin Atlantic coming together to fix the passenger fee for ‘fuel surcharge’ to the flier. The first to investigate were the Office for Fair Trade and after much investigation, the trial broke down on 10 th May 2010 due to discovery of certain e-mails. Last month it was revealed that Virgin Atlantic and Cathay Pacific might have illegally co-ordinated prices for passenger flights between London Heathrow and Hong Kong’s Chep Lap Kok airport between 2002 and 2006. [3] Airlines compete in severa l other ways as well. Ticket prices fluctuate and the earlier you purchase, the cheaper it is. Frequencies and timings of flights differ over sectors. With regard to timings, British Airways have the BA 26 and the BA 28 leaving Hong Kong for London within 15 minutes of each other. Virgin leaves at the sameShow MoreRelatedAirline Industry and Its Economic Outline2890 Words   |  12 PagesAirline Industry and Its Economic Outline Frank L Mannino Jr. Axia College of University of Phoenix ECO/205 Economic Theory May 09, 2010 Airline Industry and Its Economic Outline The question can be is. How has the economy of the airline industry performed throughout the many decades it has been? In addition, what did the industry do as it has gone through many events that have challenged its survival? In this type of industry, we can say that it has seen their share of success in profitsRead MoreEconomic Profile: Airline Industry2794 Words   |  12 PagesEconomic Profile: Airline Industry Introduction The airline industry provides services for passenger and cargo transport. Over the years the airline industry has faired fairly decent. That is, until the September 11 tragedy in 2001. From 1995 through 2000, the airline industry earned about $23 billion then lost about $35 billion from 2001 through 2005 (McCabe, R., 2008). There are many factors that indicate the economic downfall of the airline industry after the September 11 incident. The purposeRead MoreEconomic Analysis of the Airline Industry2366 Words   |  10 Pagesec Economic Analysis of the Airline Industry Tisha Smith Axia College of UOP ECO 305 Economic Theory George Harris March 18, 2007 Economic Analysis of the Airline Industry Introduction The airline industry is one that is both costly and necessary to the economy. Costly because of the funding provided by the government, recent layoffs; which has a hand in rising inflation, dealing with negative externalities and high security risks;Read MoreEconomic Profile of the Airline Industry Essay2195 Words   |  9 PagesEconomic Profile of the Airline Industry Airlines use a formula of combining their yield and inventory costs to determine ticket prices. While it is imperative to focus on the idea of being profitable, the focus is to maximize the cost of the flight revenue. One huge factor that encourages an increase in the cost of tickets relates to a customer ordering a ticket close to the departing date, define this as a risk factor because they need to make up for all unsold seats. A high percentageRead MoreHow Is the Economic Downturn Affecting the Airline Industry?969 Words   |  4 PagesEXECUTIVE SUMMARY ï  ¶ Stagflation in US economy threatens outlook for the airline industry profitability. US airlines forecasting Q108 losses citing high fuel costs and a potential economic slowdown. ï  ¶ Other regions of the world will expand such as Asia, Middle East and Latin America. ï  ¶ Slowdown has already affected some US small-mid cap carriers with the recent onslaught of bankruptcies. ï  ¶ US majors are better armed to combating the effects of the sharp increase in jet fuel. Cost reductionRead MoreDemographic, Economic Technological Factors of Hr Planning for Airline Industry in Spore4005 Words   |  17 PagesIntroduction The airline industry is by itself plays a big part in the economy. It generates 31.9 million jobs globally. (The impact of the financial crisis on labour in the civil aviation industry) It involves transportations, catering, securities, logistics, etc. As it does not work as an industry by itself, HR planning comes to be an important task. The airline industry has generally seen success in the many aspects involved with it – service, tourism, innovations etc. Despite the terrorismRead MoreEconomic Impact on Aviation Industry1294 Words   |  6 PagesThe economic situation has proven to have impacted the airline industries in many ways. For instance, changes in price of an airline industry may also change the demand and elasticity of the services offered by the airline company. In this regard, the outlook of the airline industry can still be considered to have strong growth in spite of changing economic conditions. For airlines, the economic situation for prices, wage inequality and even monetary aspects will hold many challenges and only thoseRead MoreThe Civil Law Limits Property Rights1718 Words   |  7 Pagespublic sector and the absence of a strong centralized economic planning. However, this common belief is a myth long. Through the civil law and regulation, state and local governments and the federal government substantially affect almost all industries. The civil law limits property rights, contractual obligations defines and establishes quality standards for goods and services through laws. Regulatory policy takes two general forms. Economic regulation controls the benefits, sets prices and determinesRead MoreCurrent Situation of Airline Industry1122 Words   |  5 PagesCurrent Situation of Airline Industry Since the airline industry was deregulated in the late 1970s, they shall hold the line on the number of planes they fly. The result is that the people by plane shall be more and more, and the fares shall become expensive. Because air transport is faster than other transportation methods, the people increasingly prefer to fly. The air transportation shall be an important transportation method in the future, and the people engaged in air transportation shall haveRead MoreThe Flight Of The Airline Industry1231 Words   |  5 PagesOffice air mail), cargo services (e.g. Ford) and passenger service airlines had emerged during this period. With the passage of the Airline Deregulation Act in 1978, it opened a new chapter for the airline industry (Air Transport Industry, 2014). Thought out the past 110 years, the airline industry progressed with technology aspect as well as the economic aspect; recessions, economic downturns and oil crisis have impacted the industry (Zarb B. , 2014). The air travel in the United States grew fast until

The Reading Process - 1595 Words

When a child is speaking many words and using them as an integral part of his personality, he is ready to read them. In teaching reading to young children, word selection is often the first place where we go wrong. We pull words from thin air and try to put them into the child. Often we make matters worse by putting these strange words into printed context outside the realm of the childs experience and expecting him to read--and he cannot. Children can learn to read any word they speak. One of the greatest hoaxes in all of educational pedagogy is that which says that reading vocabulary must be developed in a predeter ¬mined logical sequence. This simply is not the case. Linguists tell us that when a child comes to school he has all the†¦show more content†¦Reading is the active process of constructing meaning from words that have been coded in print. Printed and spoken words are meaningful to the young child only to the extent where his field of experience overlaps that of the author of the printed text. The reader learns from a book only if he is able to comprehend the printed symbols and rearrange them into vivid experiences in his mind. A child’s ability to think, to rationalize, and to conceptualize makes it possible for him or her to accept new ideas from a printed page without actually experienc ¬ing the new idea. He or she must however, possess the knowledge of each symbol that helps make up the new idea. Ideally, the teacher would show a picture of an object and, through discus ¬sion, build the understandings necessary to give children a correct visual image of the object. Because of the unusual shape of some words (e. g. kangaroo) chil ¬dren memorized them quickly, but nothing is usually learned until the words take on meaning. The teacher should give the words meaning by using the childrens experiences. Experience combined with the power of imagery will make it possible for children to acquire new understandings, concepts, and learn ¬ings from their reading of each new word. Reading is not word calling; it is getting the meaning of the printed word from the page. The teaching of reading means assisting children to obtain those skills needed toShow MoreRelatedReading Process1135 Words   |  5 PagesThe Nature of the Reading Process Reading is a complex process; it is not about identifying words but also about understanding them. Reading requires attending to the environment, encoding and interacting with the stimulus in a meaningful manner and linking the meanings of the stimulus with existing knowledge and prior experiences. Thinking Reading is a thinking process; it is not just about calling or recognizing the words on a page but understanding what was read. Therefore the readerRead MoreReflection Of Reading : The Process Of My Reading Process711 Words   |  3 PagesMy reading process overall is very strong and went smoothly. As I read I annotated the pages and this helped me stay more focused and connected with the reading. Today it was hard for me after I went to the bathroom and came back to the reading because I disconnected from the reading and had to try and dive straight back in. I also put my cell phone far away from me when I read or do homework so that I will not be tempted to look at the phone instead of completing my reading. As I read I try toRead MoreThe Process Of Reading869 Words   |  4 PagesThe process of reading is made up of continuous rapid eye movements, called saccades intermingled with brief pauses, called fixations, during which the eyes remain relatively still (Rayner, 1998). During saccades, sensitivity to visual stimuli is reduced to allow the feeling of smooth reading; this phenomenon is called saccadic suppression (Matin, 1974). This means that visual information is only encoded during fixations, that usually occur once for each word (Holmqvist et al., 2011). The studyRead MoreReading Is A Process Of Literate Thinking1098 Words   |  5 Pages(1b) Belief statement about reading Reading is a process of literate thinking during which an individual constructs meaning from texts in a social and cultural context. I believe reading is a vital skill and important activity for people of all ages. I grew up surrounded by books. I had parents who encouraged me from an early age to read books both with and without them, and they would read to me every night before I went to bed. They wanted to ensure that I was literate and would grow up with aRead MoreThe Model Of Reading Process Things Clicked For Me1522 Words   |  7 Pagespsycholinguistic model of reading process things clicked for me. The reason I struggled to read for comprehension became evident; I developed the three parts of the cuing system at different times of my education. Elementary years concentrated on the graphophonemic section, while middle and high school were a drilling of syntactic learning. The semantic system was promoted during the last years of high school it has kept evolving up to now. My very first encounter with the reading process involved the graphophonemicRead MoreReading Is A Process Of Translating Visual Codes Into Meaningful Language1018 Words   |  5 PagesReading is one of the basic components of literacy. â€Å"Reading is a process of translating visual codes into meaningful language† (Whitehurst Lonigan, 1998, p. 849). 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By doing this children can learn how to applyRead MoreThe Process Of Close Reading While Using Rhetorical Analysis Essay1864 Words   |  8 PagesThe Process of Close Reading While Using Rhetorical Analysis Introduction to Close Reading Rhetorical Analysis The close reading process of a rhetorical analysis includes breaking down an essay into different parts in order to create a certain affect towards the reader. In the article, â€Å"Should Writer’s Use They Own,† Young uses diverse language to address the idea of code meshing. Young’s rhetorical appeal in the article intersect with my reading experiences by creating a difficult read, that makesRead MoreReading And Writing Are Two Pillars Of The Education And Learning Process Of Human Being985 Words   |  4 PagesReading and writing are two pillars of the education and learning process of human being. Mrs. Tuchman said â€Å"Books are the carriers of civilization. Without books, history is silent, literature dumb, science crippled, thought and speculation at a standstill. Without books, the development of civilization would have been impossible.† Even though we are in the 21st century where technology has gain the upper hand in human settlement, reading and writing keep their main importance in human civilizationRead MoreThe s Reading Process Theory Through The Text Of Mrs Dalloway And. Fought The Queen2398 Words   |  10 Pages Yadav Dr. Nidhi Vats M.A. English (Final) Decoding Wolfgang Iser‟s Reading Process Theory through the Text of Mrs Dalloway and Bravely Fought the Queen In the 1960s, the new criticism theory in the American Literary arena focused on the reading of a literary text as an independent form and not to be studied in relation to any context. This gave birth to another theory that began majorly in 1960s and 1970s known as reader response criticism, which also tried to do away with the author‟s

Events after the Reporting Period Financial Reporting

Question: Describe about the Events after the Reporting Period for Financial Reporting. Answer: The provisions as regards computation and discloser of deprecation are contained in the AASB 1021. In respect of the change in the rates and method of depreciation, the provisions of paragraph 6.3 this standard require that effect of such change must be given in the current year financial statements and the depreciation for the future years must be computed considering such changes (AASB 1021, 1997). Further, the standard also provides that the prior period financial statements should not be given any effect in respect of the changes in the rate and method of deprecation (AASB 1021, 1997). Applying these provisions to the current case of Rainyday Ltd, the depreciation for the financial year 2015-16 would change as has been worked out below: S.No. Description Amount ($) A Cost of manufacturing equipment 500,000.00 B Life 10 C Residual value 0 D Depreciation per year (A-C/B) 50,000.00 E Depreciation for 2013-14 and 2014-15 (D*2) 100,000.00 F Written down value on 01.07.2015 (A-E) 400,000.00 G Revised life 6 H Revised depreciation from 2015-16 and onwards (F/G) 66,666.67 Thus, it can be observed from the above that the depreciation for the financial year has changed from $50,000 to $66,666.67 as a result of change in the effective useful life of the equipment. The change in the depreciation is non-adjusting item for the previous financial years; therefore, the directors of Rainyday Ltd are advised not to make any adjustments in the accounts for this change for the previous financial years 2013-14 and 2014-15. 1(b) As per the provisions of the AASB 108, the adjustment for the errors and omissions of the previous periods is given in the current financial statements by restating the assets, liabilities, and the equity. Further, tax effect of such adjustment is accounted for in accordance with the provisions of AASB 112, Income Taxes (AASB 108, 2013). In the case of Rainyday Ltd, the repair expense of $25,000, which remained unaccounted in the year 2015, need to be adjusted in the books in the year 2016. The adjusting journal entries for Rainyday Ltd are given below: Journal for Prior Period Adjustments: Rainyday Ltd 2015-16 Date Description Debit ($) Credit ($) 5-Jul-16 Repair expense 25000 Cash 25000 30-Jun-16 Retained earnings 25000 Deferred tax 7500 Repair expense 25000 1(c) As per the provisions AASB 9, the measure fall in the fair value of the equity instrument is recognized in the financial statements (AASB 9, 2010). Further, the provisions of the AASB 110 entail that the events taking place after the closer of the financial year but before the finalization of the financial statements, should be adjusted (AASB 110, 2011). Therefore, Rainyday Ltd should adjust the loss of $350,000 ($800,000-$450,000) in the profit and loss account for the financial year 2015-16 by passing the following journal entry: Journal: Rainyday Ltd 2015-16 Date Description Debit ($) Credit ($) 30-June-16 Profit and loss account 350000 Equity investment account 350000 1(d) In the current situation, the since the debtor of the company has gone bankrupt before the finalization of the financial statements, the event is adjusting nature as per the AASB 110 (AASB 110, 2011). Therefore, the RainydayLtd should write off the remaining amount $450,000 as well in the financial year 2015-16 itself by passing the following journal entry: Journal: Rainyday Ltd 2015-16 Date Description Debit ($) Credit ($) 30-June-16 Profit and loss account 450000 Bad debts 450000 2. Journal for share issue: Sunny Ltd Date Description Debit ($) Credit ($) 31-Jan-16 Cash Trust 1,890,000.00 Application 1,890,000.00 (For application money on ordinary shares received) 31-Jan-16 Cash 30,000.00 Share options 30,000.00 (Issue of 60000 share options at 50c each) 12-Feb-16 Application 1,890,000.00 Share capital 1,800,000.00 Share allotment 90,000.00 (For shares allotted and excess money received on application adjusted toward allotment) 12-Mar-16 Cash 1,890,000.00 Cash Trust 1,890,000.00 (Transfer on allotment of shares) 12-Mar-16 Allotment 600,000.00 Share capital 600,000.00 (Allotment money due on 600000 shares) 12-Mar-16 Cash 493,000.00 Allotment 493,000.00 [Allotment money received on 580000 shares=$580000-$90000)] 20-Mar-16 Share capital 80,000.00 Share forfeited (630000/600000*20000)=21000 shares*$3 63,000.00 Allotment 17,000.00 (20000 shares forfeited) 5-Apr-16 Cash 74,000.00 Share forfeited ($4-$3.70)*20000 6,000.00 Share capital 80,000.00 (20000 forfeited shares reissued @ $3.70 per share) 5-Apr-16 Share forfeited ($63000-$6000) 57,000.00 Share re-issue costs 3,600.00 Cash 53,400.00 (Balance in share forfeit after meeting reissue cost paid back) 30-Jun-16 Cash (50000*$4.2) 210,000.00 Share capital 210,000.00 (50000 shares issued against 50000 options allotted) 30-Jun-16 Share options 30,000.00 Share capital 25,000.00 Lapsed options reserve 5,000.00 (Write-off of options exercised, and lapsed) 3. Computation of current tax Amount ($) Amount ($) Accounting profit before tax 190,750.00 Add: Adjustments for taxation purpose Depreciation equipment (Accounting) 40,000.00 Depreciation - motor vehicles (Accounting) 15,000.00 Entertainment expenses (not tax deductible) 4,500.00 Provision for annual leave 11,000.00 Provision for warranties 6,900.00 Rent payable 6,000.00 83,400.00 Less: Adjustments for taxation purpose Prepaid insurance 3,000.00 Government grant (exempt from income tax) 30,000.00 Depreciation equipment (taxation) 60,000.00 Depreciation - motor vehicles (taxation) 12,000.00 Taxable profit 169,150.00 Tax Rate 30% Current Tax 50,745.00 Temporary Differences Tax base Carrying amount Taxable temporary differences (liability) Deductible temporary differences (asset) Prepaid insurance - 3,000.00 3,000.00 Equipment 340,000.00 360,000.00 20,000.00 Motor vehicles 48,000.00 45,000.00 3,000.00 Provision for annual leave - 11,000.00 11,000.00 Provision for warranties - 6,900.00 6,900.00 Rent payable - 6,000.00 6,000.00 Total 23,000.00 26,900.00 Deferred Tax Asset/ liability Amount ($) Deductible temporary differences (asset) 26,900.00 Less: Taxable temporary differences (liability) 23,000.00 3,900.00 Tax Rate 30% Deferred Tax Asset 1,170.00 Journal Entries S.No. Description Debit ($) Credit ($) 1 Deferred tax asset 1,170.00 Profit and Loss 1,170.00 2 Profit and Loss 50,745.00 Current tax 50,745.00 4 Journal Entries Date Description Debit ($) Credit ($) 1-Jul-13 Equipment 800,000.00 Cash 800,000.00 30-Jun-14 Depreciation expense 152,000.00 Accumulated depreciation-equipment 152,000.00 [($800000-$40000)/5] 30-Jun-14 Accumulated depreciation-equipment 152,000.00 Equipment 152,000.00 30-Jun-14 Profit and loss 152,000.00 Depreciation expense 152,000.00 1-Jul-14 Equipment 82,000.00 Revaluation reserve 82,000.00 $800,000-$152,000=$648,000 (WDV) ($730,000-$648,000= Revaluation reserve) 30-Jun-15 Depreciation expense 115,000.00 Accumulated depreciation-equipment 115,000.00 [$730000-$40000]/6 30-Jun-15 Accumulated depreciation-equipment 115,000.00 Equipment 115,000.00 30-Jun-15 Profit and loss 115,000.00 Depreciation expense 115,000.00 30-Jun-16 Profit and loss 201,333.33 Revaluation reserve ($82000/6) 13,666.67 Impairment loss [($730000-$115000)-$400000] 215,000.00 30-Jun-16 Impairment loss 215,000.00 Equipment 215,000.00 30-Jun-16 Depreciation expense 72,000.00 Accumulated depreciation-equipment 72,000.00 [($400000-$40000)/5] 30-Jun-16 Accumulated depreciation-equipment 72,000.00 Equipment 72,000.00 30-Jun-16 Profit and loss 72,000.00 Depreciation expense 72,000.00 30-Sep-16 Cash 390,000.00 Accumulated depreciation 339,000.00 Loss on disposal 71,000.00 Equipment 800,000.00 30-Sep-16 Revaluation reserve ($82000-$13666.70) 68,333.33 Profit and loss 2,666.67 Loss on disposal 71,000.00 5. As per the provisions of the AASB 136, the allocation of the impairment loss of a cash generating unit is made first to the goodwill and then to the other assets in the proportion of their carrying amounts. However, it should be kept in mind that the allocation of the impairment loss in such a manner does not result in excess of the amount that would have been calculated considering a particular asset singly (AASB 136, 2010). In accordance with the relevant provisions of AASB 136, the computation and allocation of the impairment loss of CGUs of Movies Ltd is presented below: Computation of impairment loss for cash generating units Cash Generating Units Cinema ($) DVD Sales ($) A. Fair value less cost to sell 780,000.00 318,000.00 B. Value in use 900,000.00 290,000.00 C. Recoverable value (higher of A and B) 900,000.00 318,000.00 D. Carrying amount of cash generating unit 1,019,000.00 326,000.00 E. Impairment loss (D-C) 119,000.00 8,000.00 Allocation of impairment loss: Cinema Carrying amount ($) Impairment loss allocated Max limit (individual impairment) Goodwill 45,000.00 5,301.98 Furniture and fittings 205,000.00 24,153.47 Electrical equipment 110,000.00 12,960.40 Land and buildings 625,000.00 73,638.61 75,000.00 Licence 25,000.00 2,945.54 1,000.00 1,010,000.00 119,000.00 Allocation of impairment loss: DVD Sales Carrying amount ($) Impairment loss allocated Max limit (individual impairment) Furniture and fittings 25,000.00 873.36 Electrical equipment 10,000.00 349.34 **Land and buildings 179,000.00 6,253.28 4,000.00 Goodwill 15,000.00 524.02 229,000.00 8,000.00 **Note: In case of land and building, the impairment loss considering land and building as single asset comes to $4,000, but the in CGU allocation it comes to $6,253.28. As per provisions of AASB 136, max amount that can be allocated would be $4000 only. Journal Entries Date Description Debit ($) Credit ($) 30-Jun-16 Profit and loss 127,000.00 Impairment loss-Cinema 119,000.00 Impairment loss-DVD Sales 8,000.00 30-Jun-16 Impairment loss-Cinema 119,000.00 Goodwill 5,301.98 Furniture and fittings 24,153.47 Electrical equipment 12,960.40 Land and buildings 73,638.61 Licence 2,945.54 30-Jun-16 Impairment loss-DVD Sales 5,746.72 Furniture and fittings 873.36 Electrical equipment 349.34 **Land and buildings 4,000.00 Goodwill 524.02 References AASB 110. (2011). Events after the Reporting Period. Retrieved September 13, 2016, from https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content105/c9/AASB110_07-04_COMPdec09_01-11.pdf AASB 136. (2010). Impairment of Assets. Retrieved September 13, 2016, from https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content105/c9/AASB136_07-04_COMPjun09_01-10.pdf AASB 1021. (1997). Deprecation. Retrieved September 13, 2016, from https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content102/c3/AASB1021_8-97.pdf AASB 108. (2013). Deprecation. Retrieved September 13, 2016, from https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content105/c9/AASB108_07-04_COMPdec09_01-11.pdf AASB 9. (2010). Financial Instruments. Retrieved September 13, 2016, from https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content105/c9/AASB9_12-10.pdf